Working Papers
“The Price of Housing in the United States, 1890-2006,” with Ronan C. Lyons, Rowena Gray, and David Agorastos. Philadelphia Federal Reserve Working Paper 24-12, June 2024. Revise and resubmit, Quarterly Journal of Economics. (Philly Fed WP) (Philly Fed Data Page)
“The Impact of Early Investments in Urban School Systems in the United States,” with Ethan Schmick. NBER Working Paper 25663, September 2024. (NBER WP)
“Zoning and the American Suburb,” with Ryan Gallagher and Tate Twinam. (Preliminary Slides)
“The Affordability of Housing in American Cities, 1900-2020,” with Rowena Gray and Ronan C. Lyons.
Published Papers
“The Value of Piped Water and Sewers: Evidence from 19th Century Chicago,” with Michael Coury, Toru Kitagawa, and Matthew Turner. NBER Working Paper 29718, February 2023. Accepted, Review of Economics and Statistics. (Download)
“The HOLC Maps: How Race and Poverty Influenced Real Estate Professionals’ Evaluation of Lending Risk in the 1930s,” with Price V. Fishback, Jessica LaVoice, and Randall P. Walsh. Journal of Economic History 83.4 (2023), 1019-1056. (Complete version: Download)
“Racial Segregation in Housing Markets and the Erosion of Black Wealth,” with Prottoy A. Akbar, Sijie Li, and Randall P. Walsh. Review of Economics and Statistics (2022). (Download)
“Zoning and Segregation in Urban Economic History,” with Tate Twinam and Randall P. Walsh. NBER Working Paper 28351, January 2021. Regional Science and Urban Economics 94 (2022): 103652 (special issue on Urban Economics and History). (Download)
“Racial Sorting and the Emergence of Segregation in American Cities,” with Randall P. Walsh. Review of Economics and Statistics 101.3 (2019): 1-14. (Complete version: Download)
“Ideology and Migration after the American Civil War,” with Shari Eli and Laura Salisbury. Journal of Economic History 78.3 (2018): 822-861. (Download)
“Zoning and the Economic Geography of Cities,” with Tate Twinam and Randall P. Walsh. Journal of Urban Economics 105 (2018): 20-39. (Download)
“Segregation and Neighborhood Change in Northern Cities: New Historical GIS Data from 1900 to 1930,” with John R. Logan and Randall P. Walsh. Historical Methods 49.4 (2016): 187-197. (Download)
“Immigrant Group Size and Political Mobilization: Evidence from European Migration to the United States.” Journal of Public Economics 139 (2016): 1-12. (Complete version: Download) (Published version: Download)
“Race, Ethnicity, and Discriminatory Zoning,” with Tate Twinam and Randall P. Walsh. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8.13 (2016): 217-246. (Download) (Appendix)
“Creating the Black Ghetto: Black Residential Patterns Before and During the Great Migration,” with John R. Logan, Weiwei Zhang, and Richard Turner. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 660.1 (2015): 18-35. (Download)
“Did the Americanization Movement Succeed? An Evaluation of the Effect of English-Only and Compulsory Schooling Laws on Immigrants,” with Adriana Lleras-Muney. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 7.3 (2015): 258-290. (Download)
“Population Trends as a Counterweight to Central City Decline,” with Leah Platt Boustan, Demography 50.1 (2013): 125-147. (Download)